The revolt of the French working class

April 18, 2022

Liberté, égalité, fraternité! The working people of France appear to be rejecting Macron and progressive topics, e.g., climate change, gender fluidity, in favor of policies that are the real kitchen table topics: the price of petrol, inflation, immigration.

If there is a theme, it might be the resurgence of Richard Nixon's "silent majority" after decades of the working, tax-paying class being hobbled by special interests and minority identity groups claiming more government-provided rights and benefits, at the expense of "Joe six pack." When Obama said he wanted to "spread a little around," he was just winking at the plethora of demands for a share of that "spread," while progressives try to make it about income inequality and taxing the rich. Instead, the rich have grown richer, the inequality has grown greater, the interventions of government in the economy and life have become overbearing, and the middle class, where the vast majority of the former poverty class has moved, gets crushed.

The French elections reflect the essential political conflict of our time. On one side, there is a powerful alliance between the corporate oligarchy and the regulatory clerisy. On the other, there are two beleaguered and angry classes – the small-business owners and artisans, and the vast, largely unorganised service class. The small-business class generally tends to favour the populist right, whether in America, Australia or Europe. These people want the government out of their business and to be left alone. Meanwhile, workers tend towards the populist left, which promises to relieve their economic pain.

The common feature is the politics of anger and resentment. In the first round of the French elections, a majority voted either for Marine Le Pen and other rightist candidates, or for the old Trotskyist warhorse Jean-Luc Mélenchon and other candidates of the hard left. The establishment parties, like the centre-left Parti Socialiste and the Gaullist Républicains, were left way behind. The ultra-green Parti Socialiste mayor of Paris, Anne Hidalgo, won less than two per cent – a pathetic performance from the onetime ruling party. Intriguingly, voters under 35 went first for Mélenchon and then Le Pen, leaving the technocrat Macron in dismal third place among the young. Macron only won decisively among voters over 60.

And it is not just in France.

This growing class division is a global phenomenon. In 1974, the proportion of global corporate income that went to labour was about 64 per cent. It dropped to 59 per cent by 2012. This pattern has applied not only to wealthy markets in the West, but also to labour-rich markets like China, India and Mexico. In 2017, the Pew Research Center found that poll respondents in France, Britain, Spain, Italy and Germany are even more pessimistic about the next generation than those in the United States. Such sentiments are shared in countries like Japan and India, where many new college graduates fail to find decent employment. Well over two thirdsof Mumbai youths are pessimistic about their prospects.

This erosion of opportunity sets the stage for a potential combustion of class anger, particularly as the pandemic and now Russia’s invasion threaten to make things worse. The unemployment rate reached 32.5 per cent in South Africa during the pandemic years, with almost two thirds of young people with no job in sight. The story is unfortunately similar elsewhere in Africa, with regional powers such as Kenya and Senegal reporting over 40 per cent unemployment. This is a recipe for chaos. Several Latin American, African and Middle Eastern countries have also defaulted on long-term loans and more may follow.